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| import os
import time
import requests
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options
class RedirectCourseCrawler:
def __init__(self, login_url, target_url, username=None, password=None):
chrome_options = Options()
chrome_options.add_argument('--ignore-ssl-errors=yes')
chrome_options.add_argument('--ignore-certificate-errors')
self.driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=chrome_options)
self.login_url = login_url
self.actual_target_url = target_url
self.username = username
self.password = password
self.wait = WebDriverWait(self.driver, 20)
def _wait_for_redirect(self, expected_url_part, timeout=30):
start_time = time.time()
while time.time() - start_time < timeout:
if expected_url_part in self.driver.current_url:
return True
time.sleep(2)
raise TimeoutError(f"未能在{timeout}秒内重定向到包含'{expected_url_part}'的页面")
def login(self):
self.driver.get(self.login_url)
if self.username and self.password:
try:
username_elem = self.wait.until(
EC.presence_of_element_located((By.CSS_SELECTOR, 'input[type="text"]'))
)
password_elem = self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, 'input[type="password"]')
username_elem.send_keys(self.username)
password_elem.send_keys(self.password)
submit_btn = self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, 'button.login-btn')
submit_btn.click()
print("已提交登录表单")
except Exception as e:
print(f"自动登录失败: {e}")
input("请手动登录后按回车继续...")
else:
input("请手动完成登录后按回车继续...")
try:
self._wait_for_redirect("/home/")
print("登录成功，当前URL:", self.driver.current_url)
except TimeoutError:
print("警告：可能未正确跳转到首页")
print("等待安全时间(60秒)...")
time.sleep(60)
def navigate_to_target(self):
print(f"正在访问目标页面: {self.actual_target_url}")
self.driver.get(self.actual_target_url)
try:
self.wait.until(
EC.presence_of_element_located((By.CLASS_NAME, "chapter-title-text"))
)
print("目标页面加载成功")
except Exception as e:
print("目标页面加载异常:", e)
self.driver.save_screenshot('page_load_error.png')
def expand_chapters(self):
chapters = self.driver.find_elements(By.CLASS_NAME, "chapter-title-text")
print(f"找到{len(chapters)}个章节")
for idx, chapter in enumerate(chapters, 1):
try:
self.driver.execute_script("arguments[0].scrollIntoView({behavior: 'smooth', block: 'center'});", chapter)
self.wait.until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.CLASS_NAME, "chapter-title-text")))
chapter.click()
print(f"已展开第 {idx} 章")
time.sleep(1)
except Exception as e:
print(f"展开第 {idx} 章失败: {e}")
def get_file_links(self):
valid_domains = ['icourses.cn', 'resdoc.icourses.cn']
elements = self.driver.find_elements(By.CSS_SELECTOR, '[data-class="media"]')
file_links = []
for elem in elements:
try:
file_type = elem.get_attribute("data-type")
title = elem.get_attribute("data-title")[:50]
url = elem.get_attribute("data-url") or elem.get_attribute("data-ppturl")
if not url:
continue
if not any(domain in url for domain in valid_domains):
print(f"跳过非信任域名资源: {url}")
continue
file_links.append({
"type": file_type,
"title": title.strip(),
"url": url
})
except Exception as e:
print("解析文件元素时出错:", e)
return file_links
def download_files(self, file_links):
os.makedirs("downloads", exist_ok=True)
for file in file_links:
try:
safe_name = "".join(c if c.isalnum() or c in (' ', '-', '_') else '_' for c in file['title'])
base_name = safe_name.strip()
extension = file['type']
counter = 0
while True:
if counter == 0:
current_filename = f"{base_name}.{extension}"
else:
current_filename = f"{base_name}_{counter}.{extension}"
filename = os.path.join("downloads", current_filename)
if not os.path.exists(filename):
break
counter += 1
headers = {
"Referer": self.actual_target_url,
"User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36"
}
with requests.get(file['url'], headers=headers, stream=True, timeout=20) as r:
r.raise_for_status()
with open(filename, 'wb') as f:
for chunk in r.iter_content(chunk_size=8192):
if chunk:
f.write(chunk)
print(f"下载完成: {filename}")
except requests.exceptions.Timeout:
print(f"下载超时: {file['title']}")
except Exception as e:
print(f"下载失败 {file['title']}: {str(e)[:100]}")
def run(self):
try:
self.login()
self.navigate_to_target()
self.expand_chapters()
files = self.get_file_links()
print(f"准备下载{len(files)}个文件")
self.download_files(files)
except Exception as e:
print("主流程异常:", e)
self.driver.save_screenshot('final_error.png')
finally:
self.driver.quit()
print("浏览器已关闭")
if __name__ == "__main__":
config = {
"login_url": "https://www.icourses.cn/login",
"target_url": "https://www.icourses.cn/web/sword/portal/shareDetails?cId=5884#/course/chapter",
"username": None,
"password": None
}
crawler = RedirectCourseCrawler(**config)
crawler.run()
|
